# Text formatting

Use Bold, Italic and Underline to format inline text.

Basic text formatting is assembled by Classic formatting adapters and the default Block preset. Each product owns its controls and installation paths. This page demonstrates Core commands; see [editor compatibility](/en/plugins/compatibility).

Marks express text formatting. StarterKit already includes the bold, italic and underline capabilities shown here (MIT). For independent assembly, use the public exports of `@quirekit/extension-bold`, `@quirekit/extension-italic` and `@quirekit/extension-underline`, alongside document, paragraph, text and view dependencies.

## Commands

```ts
editor.chain().focus().toggleBold().run()
editor.chain().focus().toggleItalic().run()
editor.chain().focus().toggleUnderline().run()
const active = editor.isActive('bold')
```

Controls read editor state instead of maintaining a second formatting model. At an empty selection, marks affect subsequent input; with selected text, they apply to that range.

## Live effect

Select a few words, then use the formatting buttons. Continue typing, undo, or download JSON to inspect `marks`.

### plugins/formatting.vue

```vue
<script setup lang="ts">
import CoreEditor from "../core/editor.vue";
defineProps<{ /** Page language. */ locale: "zh-CN" | "en" }>();
</script>
<template><CoreEditor :locale="locale" tools="formatting" /></template>

```

### core/editor.vue

```vue
<script setup lang="ts">
import { computed, onBeforeUnmount, onMounted, ref, shallowRef } from "vue";
import type { Editor } from "@quirekit/core";
import { QuireButton } from "@quirekit/ui/vue";
import { createExampleEditor } from "./create";
import { downloadJson } from "../shared/download";
import "@quirekit/pm-view/style/prosemirror.css";

const props = withDefaults(defineProps<{
  /** Initial copy and control language. */ locale?: "zh-CN" | "en";
  /** Visible controls for the capability being demonstrated. */ tools?: "formatting" | "structure";
}>(), { locale: "zh-CN" });
const host = ref<HTMLElement>();
const instance = shallowRef<Editor>();
const copy = computed(() => props.locale === "en"
  ? { bold: "Bold", undo: "Undo", save: "Download JSON", label: "Editable document" }
  : { bold: "加粗", undo: "撤销", save: "下载 JSON", label: "可编辑文档" });
onMounted(() => { if (host.value) instance.value = createExampleEditor(host.value, props.locale); });
onBeforeUnmount(() => instance.value?.destroy());
/** Downloads the actual editor state instead of a second copy maintained by the UI. */
function download(): void { if (instance.value) downloadJson(instance.value.getJSON(), "quirekit-document.json"); }
</script>
<template>
  <div class="core-example">
    <div class="core-example-tools">
      <QuireButton variant="outline" @click="instance?.chain().focus().toggleBold().run()">{{ copy.bold }}</QuireButton>
      <template v-if="tools === 'formatting'">
        <QuireButton variant="outline" @click="instance?.chain().focus().toggleItalic().run()">{{ locale === 'en' ? 'Italic' : '斜体' }}</QuireButton>
        <QuireButton variant="outline" @click="instance?.chain().focus().toggleUnderline().run()">{{ locale === 'en' ? 'Underline' : '下划线' }}</QuireButton>
      </template>
      <template v-if="tools === 'structure'">
        <QuireButton variant="outline" @click="instance?.chain().focus().toggleHeading({ level: 2 }).run()">{{ locale === 'en' ? 'Heading 2' : '二级标题' }}</QuireButton>
        <QuireButton variant="outline" @click="instance?.chain().focus().toggleBulletList().run()">{{ locale === 'en' ? 'Bullet list' : '项目列表' }}</QuireButton>
      </template>
      <QuireButton variant="outline" @click="instance?.chain().focus().undo().run()">{{ copy.undo }}</QuireButton>
      <QuireButton variant="outline" @click="download">{{ copy.save }}</QuireButton>
    </div>
    <div ref="host" class="core-example-document" role="group" :aria-label="copy.label" />
  </div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.core-example { padding: 20px; background: var(--qk-color-surface-page); }
.core-example-tools { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.core-example-document { border: 1px solid var(--qk-color-border-default); border-radius: 6px; padding: 20px; text-align: start; }
.core-example-document :deep(.ProseMirror) { min-height: 180px; line-height: 1.8; }
/* A writing surface expresses focus through its caret and selection, without a second frame. */
.core-example-document :deep(.ProseMirror:focus), .core-example-document :deep(.ProseMirror:focus-visible) { outline: none; box-shadow: none; }
.core-example-document :deep(h2) { font-size: 22px; margin: 0 0 12px; }
.core-example-document :deep(p) { margin: 8px 0; }
</style>

```

### core/create.ts

```ts
import { Editor } from "@quirekit/core";
import { StarterKit } from "@quirekit/starter-kit";
import { DomViewExtension } from "@quirekit/dom-view";
import { writingShortcuts } from "./shortcuts";

/**
 * Mounts a minimal editor with the Tiptap-style Core API and an explicit native DOM view.
 * @param element - Browser-owned mount target.
 * @param locale - Language for initial sample copy only.
 * @returns The caller-owned editor; destroy it when its host unmounts.
 */
export function createExampleEditor(element: HTMLElement, locale: "zh-CN" | "en"): Editor {
  return new Editor({
    element,
    mode: "dom",
    extensions: [StarterKit, DomViewExtension, writingShortcuts],
    content: { type: "doc", content: [
      { type: "heading", attrs: { level: 2 }, content: [{ type: "text", text: locale === "en" ? "Start with your words." : "从你写下的文字开始。" }] },
      { type: "paragraph", content: [{ type: "text", text: locale === "en" ? "Select some text, make it bold, or add a new paragraph. This is a real QuireKit Core editor." : "选择一段文字，加粗，或另起一段。这里运行的是真实的 QuireKit Core 编辑器。" }] },
    ] },
  });
}

```

### core/shortcuts.ts

```ts
import { Extension } from "@quirekit/core";

/** A host-authored behavior extension using the same typed command registry as the toolbar. */
export const writingShortcuts = Extension.create({
  name: "writingShortcuts",
  /** @returns A keyboard binding that participates in the editor's existing history. */
  addKeyboardShortcuts() {
    return { "Mod-Shift-b": () => this.editor?.commands.toggleBold() ?? false };
  },
});

```

### shared/download.ts

```ts
/**
 * Downloads canonical JSON through a short-lived browser URL.
 * @param document - Serializable canonical content.
 * @param name - Download filename chosen by the host.
 */
export function downloadJson(document: unknown, name: string): void {
  const url = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([JSON.stringify(document, null, 2)], { type: "application/json" }));
  const link = window.document.createElement("a");
  link.href = url;
  link.download = name;
  link.click();
  window.setTimeout(() => URL.revokeObjectURL(url), 1000);
}

```

This demonstrates generic formatting in a DOM view, not the full Word font-property space.

## Individual plugin references

[Bold](/en/plugins/reference/bold), [Italic](/en/plugins/reference/italic), [Underline](/en/plugins/reference/underline), [TextStyleKit](/en/plugins/reference/text-style-kit). See [all plugins](/en/plugins) for other capabilities.